Home  Library

Daniel 5

Sunday Morning Bible Study

May 12, 2013

Do people see Jesus? Is the gospel preached? Does it speak to the broken hearted? Does it build up the church? Milk – Meat – Manna Preach for a decision Is the church loved?

Mother’s Day – Kids and treats.

Brittany Buttram – play World Race video clip

Introduction

Nebuchadnezzar died in 562 BC after reigning for 43 years.

Several of Nebuchadnezzar’s sons fought and assassinated their way to the throne until 556 BC, when one of the sons-in-law, Nabonidus took the throne and ruled for 17 years.

Nabonidus didn’t like staying at home and spent most of his time on the battlefield and building pagan temples.

While he was away, he had appointed his son, Belshazzar as “co-regent” to rule with equal authority from Babylon.

It is now the year 539 BC. The Persian Empire is on the rise.  For the last 11 years, Cyrus has conquered all the Babylonian Empire except for the city of Babylon.  He has even defeated Belshazzar’s father Nabonidus out in the field.  At this point, the city of Babylon is under siege.

5:1-12 Belshazzar’s Feast

:1 Belshazzar the king made a great feast for a thousand of his lords, and drank wine in the presence of the thousand.

:1 Belshazzar the king

Daniel’s Babylonian name was Belteshazzar.  Don’t get the two confused.

:1 the king made a great feast

Play Babylon City clip.
The city of Babylon was huge.  It was surrounded by an inner wall, a moat, and an outer wall what was 350 feet tall and 87 feet thick.
The river Euphrates ran through the center of the city, from north to south, through great brass gates.
The city was so large, that it had its own internal farms, and with water from the river Euphrates, it was thought that Babylon could survive a siege of 20 years.

So what’s Belshazzar doing making a feast when he’s under siege?

He’s thumbing his nose at the world.  He’s telling the world that he’s invincible.
Pay attention here – some parties don’t turn out the way we intend them to.
Illustration
A wealthy businessman hosted a spectacular party in which he had filled his swimming pool with sharks, barracuda, and other assorted dangerous fish. He announced to his guests that he would like to challenge any of them to try swimming across the pool, and he would offer a first prize of either a new home in the mountains, a trip around the world for two, or a piece of his business. No sooner had he made the announcement than there was a splash and a man swam rapidly across the infested waters and bounded up out on the other side. The millionaire said to the dripping man, “That was a stunning performance. What prize do you want?” He answered tersely, “Right now I really don’t care about the prize. I just want to get the name of the turkey who pushed me in.”

:2 While he tasted the wine, Belshazzar gave the command to bring the gold and silver vessels which his father Nebuchadnezzar had taken from the temple which had been in Jerusalem, that the king and his lords, his wives, and his concubines might drink from them.

:3 Then they brought the gold vessels that had been taken from the temple of the house of God which had been in Jerusalem; and the king and his lords, his wives, and his concubines drank from them.

:4 They drank wine, and praised the gods of gold and silver, bronze and iron, wood and stone.

:2 while he tasted the wine

The implication is that he wouldn’t be doing the blasphemous things he’s doing unless he’s drunk.

:2 gold and silver vessels

He is taking these vessels that were intended for use in the Jerusalem Temple to worship God, and he is using them to get drunk with and to celebrate other gods.

Perhaps the usage of the holy vessels was to remind Belshazzar’s guests that Babylon was greater than any God, including Yahweh, the God of Jerusalem.

Lesson

Vessel Abuse

We are like those special, holy vessels.  We were meant for God’s use, and not drunken parties.
(2 Ti 2:20–21 NKJV) —20 But in a great house there are not only vessels of gold and silver, but also of wood and clay, some for honor and some for dishonor. 21 Therefore if anyone cleanses himself from the latter, he will be a vessel for honor, sanctified and useful for the Master, prepared for every good work.

You have things in your house meant for honor, like your prized pitcher you serve your best ice-tea in.  You have vessels for dishonor, like the toilet bowl…

Play Toilet Drinking Dog clip

Some of the things we do with our bodies are about as lovely as the dog drinking out of the toilet.  And to make things worse, sometimes the kids are watching.

You were meant to be a vessel of “honor”.  Your body was meant to be something that God wants to use, to do good works for.
(1 Pe 1:15–16 NKJV) but as He who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct, 16 because it is written, “Be holy, for I am holy.”

The word “holy” means “set apart”.  It means that something has been set apart for a special use.

We usually consider our toothbrush to be “holy”.  Most people would gag at the idea of using someone else’s toothbrush.

God considers you “holy”.  He wants you to be “holy”.

He wants you to be used for His purposes.

There was an old bumper sticker that read, “You touch-a my truck, I break-a you face”.  The truck is meant for it’s owner’s use.

God wants your body to be used for what He wants it used for.

Paul wrote,

(1 Co 6:19–20 NKJV) —19 Or do you not know that your body is the temple of the Holy Spirit who is in you, whom you have from God, and you are not your own? 20 For you were bought at a price; therefore glorify God in your body and in your spirit, which are God’s.

:4 gold and silver, bronze and iron

Not only is simply saying that they were praising all the “gods”, but the materials remind me of Nebuchadnezzar’s dream back in Daniel 2.

Nebuchadnezzar dreamt of a huge statue made of various materials – gold, silver, bronze, and iron.
It was a prophetic dream telling Nebuchadnezzar that he, the “head of gold”, would be have his kingdom replaced by succeeding kingdoms of inferior quality.
When Nebuchadnezzar built his statue in Daniel 3, all of gold, it was as if he had been saying to God that he would not be replaced by anyone.  He was trying to say his kingdom would last forever.
Yet now Nebuchadnezzar is dead, and his kingdom is about to be conquered by the next kingdom.

:5 In the same hour the fingers of a man’s hand appeared and wrote opposite the lampstand on the plaster of the wall of the king’s palace; and the king saw the part of the hand that wrote.

:5 the fingers of a man’s hand

It’s a strange thing that happens.  A disconnected hand appears and starts writing on the wall.  The “hand” kind of reminds me of “Thing” from the Addams Family …

Play Addams Family Thing clip.  Our “hand” has a message too…

:6 Then the king’s countenance changed, and his thoughts troubled him, so that the joints of his hips were loosened and his knees knocked against each other.

:7 The king cried aloud to bring in the astrologers, the Chaldeans, and the soothsayers. The king spoke, saying to the wise men of Babylon, “Whoever reads this writing, and tells me its interpretation, shall be clothed with purple and have a chain of gold around his neck; and he shall be the third ruler in the kingdom.”

:8 Now all the king’s wise men came, but they could not read the writing, or make known to the king its interpretation.

:9 Then King Belshazzar was greatly troubled, his countenance was changed, and his lords were astonished.

This is where we get the phrase, “the writing on the wall”

The writing was visible.  Everyone could see it on the wall, but they didn’t understand what it meant.

:10 The queen, because of the words of the king and his lords, came to the banquet hall. The queen spoke, saying, “O king, live forever! Do not let your thoughts trouble you, nor let your countenance change.

:11 There is a man in your kingdom in whom is the Spirit of the Holy God. And in the days of your father, light and understanding and wisdom, like the wisdom of the gods, were found in him; and King Nebuchadnezzar your father—your father the king—made him chief of the magicians, astrologers, Chaldeans, and soothsayers.

:12 Inasmuch as an excellent spirit, knowledge, understanding, interpreting dreams, solving riddles, and explaining enigmas were found in this Daniel, whom the king named Belteshazzar, now let Daniel be called, and he will give the interpretation.”

:10 The queen spoke

This is most likely Belshazzar’s mom. She was a special mom…

Play A Very Special Mommy clip

Lesson

Mom’s Wisdom

Belshazzar doesn’t know who he should ask for answers.
It takes a word from his mother to help him realize that there are good people who know important answers, and they are older than him.
How do I know whose advice I ought to be paying attention to?
When I was growing up, there was a saying that went around among my generation that went like this, “Don’t trust anyone over the age of 30”.
Sometimes the older generation doesn’t stay in touch with what’s important and you can’t trust what they say.
But there are some who you ought to pay attention to.  There are those who have acquired “wisdom” over the years. 
James gives us a great snapshot of what that wisdom looks like:

(Jas 3:17 ESV) But the wisdom from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, open to reason, full of mercy and good fruits, impartial and sincere.

Are there people in your life that you can see have worked hard to cultivate these qualities?  Those are people you ought to be paying attention to when you are looking for advice.

I find it interesting that Belshazzar and his wise men have apparently forgotten about Daniel.

Perhaps it’s because he was just old.  Perhaps Daniel had “retired”.

(Le 19:32 NKJV) ‘You shall rise before the gray headed and honor the presence of an old man, and fear your God: I am the Lord.

Sometimes wisdom comes from people close to you, like your parents
It’s Belshazzar’s mom that has the key to finding the answer.
Play “I’ll need you Mom” clip
Mom’s wisdom will point Belshazzar to Daniel

5:13-31 The Writing on the Wall

:13 Then Daniel was brought in before the king. The king spoke, and said to Daniel, “Are you that Daniel who is one of the captives from Judah, whom my father the king brought from Judah?

Daniel is probably in his eighties now.  Good answers can come from old people.

:14 I have heard of you, that the Spirit of God is in you, and that light and understanding and excellent wisdom are found in you.

:15 Now the wise men, the astrologers, have been brought in before me, that they should read this writing and make known to me its interpretation, but they could not give the interpretation of the thing.

:16 And I have heard of you, that you can give interpretations and explain enigmas. Now if you can read the writing and make known to me its interpretation, you shall be clothed with purple and have a chain of gold around your neck, and shall be the third ruler in the kingdom.”

:17 Then Daniel answered, and said before the king, “Let your gifts be for yourself, and give your rewards to another; yet I will read the writing to the king, and make known to him the interpretation.

:17 Let your gifts be for yourself

 Some people think they can pay their way out of anything. But God’s help can’t be bought.

Some people who are supposed to be “helpful” think they must always charge for their services.
Daniel is there to be used by God.  He’s not there for the money.

:18 O king, the Most High God gave Nebuchadnezzar your father a kingdom and majesty, glory and honor.

:19 And because of the majesty that He gave him, all peoples, nations, and languages trembled and feared before him. Whomever he wished, he executed; whomever he wished, he kept alive; whomever he wished, he set up; and whomever he wished, he put down.

:20 But when his heart was lifted up, and his spirit was hardened in pride, he was deposed from his kingly throne, and they took his glory from him.

:21 Then he was driven from the sons of men, his heart was made like the beasts, and his dwelling was with the wild donkeys. They fed him with grass like oxen, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven, till he knew that the Most High God rules in the kingdom of men, and appoints over it whomever He chooses.

:22 “But you his son, Belshazzar, have not humbled your heart, although you knew all this.

:22 you …have not humbled your heart

This is Daniel recalling the event that we looked at last week in Daniel 4.  Nebuchadnezzar had gone too far with his pride, and God humbled him until he learned to look up to God.  Now Belshazzar is going to learn the same lesson.

Lesson

Learn from others

You don’t have to learn everything the hard way.
You can learn from what others go through.

:23 And you have lifted yourself up against the Lord of heaven. They have brought the vessels of His house before you, and you and your lords, your wives and your concubines, have drunk wine from them. And you have praised the gods of silver and gold, bronze and iron, wood and stone, which do not see or hear or know; and the God who holds your breath in His hand and owns all your ways, you have not glorified.

:24 Then the fingers of the hand were sent from Him, and this writing was written.

:25 “And this is the inscription that was written: MENE, MENE, TEKEL, UPHARSIN.

:25 MENE, MENE, TEKEL, UPHARSIN

The inscription was written in Aramaic, a language that the people in the room would understand.  To the average person in the room, this could look like a financial statement based on shekels.

The Mina (mene) was worth about 50 shekels.
Tekel was another word for a single shekel
Upharsin was a half-shekel.
Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin = 101 ½ shekels

The problem isn’t reading the words, it’s understanding what they mean.

:26 This is the interpretation of each word. Mene: God has numbered your kingdom, and finished it;

:26 God has numbered your kingdom

Mene is based on the verb menah, which means to number or calculate.

The kingdom of Babylon had reached its last number.  It is finished.

:27 Tekel: You have been weighed in the balances, and found wanting;

:27 weighed in the balances

Tekel (shekel) is not just a coin, it’s a measurement of weight.

Belshazzar has been put on the scales and come up a bit short.

:28 Peres: Your kingdom has been divided, and given to the Medes and Persians.”

:28 Your kingdom has been divided

Peres (or the other form upharsin) means to break in two (half shekel)

Belshazzar’s kingdom has been split up in the Medo-Persian Empire.
Ironically, the word for “Persians” is a similar, related word.

:29 Then Belshazzar gave the command, and they clothed Daniel with purple and put a chain of gold around his neck, and made a proclamation concerning him that he should be the third ruler in the kingdom.

:29 the third ruler

Belshazzar keeps his word and promotes Daniel to be the “third ruler”.  Belshazzar and his father Nabonidus were the first two rulers.

Lucky Daniel.  He becomes “king for a day”, or better “king for an hour”.

:30 That very night Belshazzar, king of the Chaldeans, was slain.

:31 And Darius the Mede received the kingdom, being about sixty-two years old.

:31 Darius the Mede

Darius is the fellow that Emperor Cyrus puts in charge of Babylon.

:30 That very night Belshazzar…was slain

That very night the city of Babylon fell.

King Cyrus of Persia had been engineering an ingenious plan for Babylon's fall.

Half of his army was on the north of the city, the other half on the south, both on the edge of the Euphrates.
He had his army build a canal and divert the river, allowing his army to enter through the river bed.  To their surprise, the gates in the river were not locked.
The city surrendered without a fight on October 12, 539 BC.
This was all prophesied long ago by the prophet Isaiah:
(Is 45:1–3 NKJV) —1 “Thus says the Lord to His anointed, To Cyrus, whose right hand I have held— To subdue nations before him And loose the armor of kings, To open before him the double doors, So that the gates will not be shut: 2 ‘I will go before you And make the crooked places straight; I will break in pieces the gates of bronze And cut the bars of iron. 3 I will give you the treasures of darkness And hidden riches of secret places, That you may know that I, the Lord, Who call you by your name, Am the God of Israel.

Before Cyrus was even born, God named him, had foretold the fall of Babylon, complete with Belshazzar’s knocking knees (loose the armor of kings – AV & NAS has “loose the loins of kings”) and unlocked river gates.

:27 weighed … and found wanting

Some people have this notion that when they get to the gates of heaven, they will face a cosmic scale with all their bad deeds on one side and all their good deeds on the other.  If their good deeds are more than their bad deeds, they go to heaven.  If their bad deeds are more than the good deeds, they go to hell.

People actually think that their good deeds will outweigh all the bad.
The mistake comes from thinking too little of the consequences of your sin.
You think that donating $20 to the Red Cross makes up for that lie you told your mom.
Here’s what the actual price tag is for your sin:
(Ro 6:23a NKJV) For the wages of sin is death…

Sin results in death.

If you want to balance the scale, there has to be a death (and go to hell) for each act of rebellion against God.

Lesson

The Gift of God

It is impossible for you to balance the scale, but it is not impossible for God.
(Ro 6:23 NKJV) For the wages of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.
God offers you salvation as a free gift, you could never afford it on your own.
This is why Jesus came to earth.  He came to die in your place and pay for your sins.
And because Jesus was God in human flesh, He didn’t just lay down a single life to pay for your sins, He laid down an infinite life.

He can pay for all of your sins.  And all of mine. Enough for the whole world if they will simply believe in Him.

And that’s what you need in order to receive this “gift” of salvation, you must believe in Him.  You must turn from your sin and turn to trust in God.

(Jn 1:12 NKJV) But as many as received Him, to them He gave the right to become children of God, to those who believe in His name: